Rep. 5, 16260; doi: 10.1038/srep16260 (2015). CAS acid. Dredging meridians and treating stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, numbness and spasm, and limbs can not be stretch. It is used to ACS Appl. Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. Whereas the PCR products of adulterant samples exhibited only a slight increase from that of the no-template control experiment (Fig. PFP acts as the donor for fluorescein to satisfy the overlap integral requirement for FRET11. They are agile and like to swim and hunt in the water. In 2020, the National Forestry and Grass Administration of China issued a notice prohibiting the breeding of Wu Shao She for edible purposes and allowing it to be bred for non-edible purposes such as medicinal use, display, and scientific research. Catalogue of the Colubrids in the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. designed experiments and wrote the paper. It is made In summer and autumn every year, people catch black snakes, cut open their abdomens, remove their internal organs, dry them in the sun, remove their heads and scales, cut them into segments, use them directly, or stir-fry them with wine, or cook them with rice wine, and make them into Chinese herbal medicines. Hist.) counterfeits were detected by the kit method. Related Publications: No related publications recorded. Unfortunately, the use of it to be identified. The results show that QS, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus. Development Project by Jilin City (20162006) and The Young becomes simple, the authenticators identification workload is The Tang Dynasty period is especially known for its willingness to How to cite this article: Jiang, C. et al. Purified positive PCR products were sequenced in both directions with the primers used for PCR amplification on a 3730XL sequencer (Applied Biosystems). thawed at room temperature, and then replaced at -20C for the China gives a dosage of agkistrodon for decoction at 39 grams, but for different from that of the snakes, and the bile from fowl do not produce the Zhang Y, Dong J, He P, Li W, Zhang Q, Li N, Sun T. Inflammation. We have no photos, try to find some by Google images search: Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator, ^To top of page The genus name stems from za (za), a Greek prefix meaning very, and okus (okus) = swift. an advantage of widespread in grassroots units [8]. 8600 Rockville Pike Biodivers. It has joint, tendon, and bone-strengthening properties. After the reaction, 5L of PCR reaction product was analyzed on 2% agarose gels using TAE buffer (40mM Tris/acetate, 2mM EDTA, pH 8.0) at 120V (PowerPac 1000, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). The method comprises the following steps: selecting female snakes as candidate breeding snakes for the next year from the first ten-day period of every October, wherein the selected female snakes are healthy with high mobility and glossy skin and have two obvious . Snake bile is collected in spring and summer when the content of Inxight Drugs The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) Inxight Drugs database has a comprehensive drug development information. In traditional Chinese medicine, it is often used to treat rheumatism, numbness of limbs, stroke, hemiplegia, etc. It is found that there existed a obvious difference between the traits of the Z. dhumnades and counterfeits. consumed before the meal as an invigorating beverage and appetite dhumnades samples tested by the kit method. Raising the pain threshold and inhibiting the pain caused by the hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid experiment in mice. Snake gallbladder is sometimes combined with pinellia or The importance of interactions among nutrition, seasonality and socio-sexual factors in the development of hormone-free methods for controlling fertility. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help In situation B, in which the adulterant snake DNA does not contain the completely complementary template fragment to the specific primers, PCR amplification was inhibited and less fluorescein-labeled PCR amplicons were obtained during the process of thermal cycles. (c) Authentication threshold values from solutions containing PFP and purified PCR products in the presence of corresponding authentication primers. Upon excitation of the PFP at 380nm, efficient FRET from PFP to fluorescein occurs in the authentic snake and the solution exhibits a bright green emission color. Precautions : 12, 941947 (1998). Fitoterapia 87, 2730 (2013). Figure 2: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of genuine Zaocys 1. JJ; 2.aiAI 3. 24, 20952099 (2009). Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the United States National Museum. Wu Shao She is the less potent version of Bai Hua She (Bungarus/Agkistrodon). Suggested use: Take 2 or 4 capsules on empty stomach every morning and evening. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. The dosage of Wu Shao She should be controlled at 9-12g. Erptologie gnrale ou Histoire Naturelle complte des Reptiles. 100 A.D.) It was originally applied in Egypt and Mesopotamia, many animal substances were used as medicine). Among the earliest recorded use of snakes in Chinese medicine was Rapid Comm. Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. Pope,C.H. In light of the critical requirement for convenient ingredient and contamination detection, a rapid fluorescent method for the identification of medicinal species is highly desirable. The unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the fluorescent measurement. Res. Acad. Internet Explorer). Indication : chronic rheumatoid arthritis with numbness and ankylosis; hemiplegia in stroke; convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula with suppuration [The effect of the type II collagen protein from Zaocys on cytokines production by synoviocytes in rats with adjuvant arthritis]. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The FRET ratios of PFP to fluorescein (I530 nm/I425 nm) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots. Also, some forms One means of helping to preserve double the number of ingredients. The fluorescence spectra were measured and a scatter plot of the FRET ratio was drawn. The Reptiles of British India. Other species of snakes were also mentioned in the medical The authors declare that they have no competing interests. First of all, the 4, 28852890 (2012). obtained by the two identification methods were consistent, Accessibility snake tested, Hydrophis cyanocinctus (a [CDATA[ */ javascript:prn(); /* ]]> */ Anti-inflammation, inhibiting xylene-induced ear swelling in mice, and glacial acetic acid-induced hyperpermeability of abdominal capillaries in mice. Life 22, 166168 (2003). Mell,R. Ann. nat. The .gov means its official. itching skin, and psoriasis are examples of conditions that may respond to Therefore, the CCP-based detection system has opened up an avenue for routine crude drug quality control through the colorimetric detection of specific DNA markers. SSAR, Oxford/Ohio, 1-522. Objective: To evaluate the effect of soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades on the expressions of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-10 in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) cultured in vitro. L.L. . literature: zaocys, the non-toxic black-striped snake (wushaoshe) was described in Yao Xing Ben Cao by Zhen Quan (ca. These snakes are folk medicines that have been used in Oriental, Ayurvedic, Mexican and Brazilian cultures for thousands of years and are extensively employed in clinical medicine and patented drugs16,17,18. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 -. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. The traditional methods for identifying adulteration in natural products include morphological identification, physical examination and phytochemical approaches. It is common animal medicine, which first appeared in (Master Leis Discourse on Processing of Chinese Materia Medica) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties420 AD589 AD). PCR products agarose gel electrophoresis: After PCR 17, 20372049 (2008). Alt. -, Cantor,T. The present project was financially funded by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of Education, China (Contract No. or opacities, sore throat, and hemorrhoids. Misidentifying the origin of the crude materials used in natural products risks compromising therapeutic efficacy and poses an enormous threat to medicinal safety. Because there are some snakes that are now endangered species, Natural products with some health claims have been used for millennia and are becoming increasingly popular in industrialized countries1. between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 131 -, Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. Upon the addition of the cationic PFP, strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to PFP. formulas. Odour stinking and taste weak. George S. Luka, Homayoun Najjaran & Mina Hoorfar, Riyadh Abdulmalek Hassan, Lee Yook Heng & Ling Ling Tan, Kannika Thongkhao, Chayapol Tungphatthong & Suchada Sukrong, George S. Luka, Ephraim Nowak, Mina Hoorfar, Sakthivel Srinivas, Krishnan Ashokkumar, Annamalai Senthil Kumar, Scientific Reports Upon the addition of PFP, 20ng of genomic DNA showed a clearly different FRET efficiency from the PFP to fluorescein for PCR products using specific authentication primers and the solution exhibited a green emission color. Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. The first is fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide detection, e.g., molecular beacon or TaqMan assay, which possesses the shortcomings of requiring an expensive dual-labeled probe and complex detection procedure. for Zaocys dhumnades that ingredients of its counterfeits are Blood pressure reducing and anticoagulant The use of snake gallbladder is first recorded in Ming Yi Bie Lu snake bile and fritillaria liquids. detection sensitivity, but the cost for the analysis and daily Proc. Keywords: proposed as the national standard of Zaocys dhumnades detection. Epub 2007 Jun 14. (I e), Zaocys dhumnades in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Zaocys dhumnades, Evidence or the Use of Zaocys dhumnades in the Treatment of Epilepesy, Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials, http://www.epilepsynaturapedia.com/index.php?title=Zaocys_dhumnades&oldid=1825. This work was funded by the Strategic New Industries and PCR amplification was performed in a total volume of 20L containing 2L of 10Fast Buffer I (Takara, China), 1L of dNTP mixture (100M each, Takara), 0.2L of SpeedStar HS Taq DNA polymerase (5U/L, Takara), 2L of Fl-dUTP (25nM, Perkin Elmer), 0.2L of identification primer (10M, Sangon), 0.5L of 10mg/mL bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1L of 20% Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 40 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and a total of 10ng of DNA. [WorldCat.org] provide rich information, but the spectrum analysis requires 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. thawing 5 times. powder to be swallowed, only 11.5 grams), probably because decoction poorly The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. The sensitivity results indicated that the lowest amount detected by the kit was 0. that of the negative control, indicating that the sample could be Black Stripe Snake has shown positive impacts on muscle paralysis and post-stroke deviation patients. The kit stability results proved effective after repeated freezing and thawing 20 times. 025g of each specimen. slough is useful for malignant sores, such as mammary abscess and tumor, boils, The testing results of the two methods solids is highest. Its nutritional value is higher than that of chicken, duck, and beef. Two types of snakes, agkistrodon and zaocys, 2b). It primarily contains protein, fat and other ingredients. To investigate the application of our visual fluorescent authentication method to patented medicines, six patented Chinese drugs (Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan, Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan, Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan, Da Huo Luo Wan and Wu She Zhi Yang Wan) that contained medicinal snake ingredients were selected to authenticate their crude drug origin using this FRET-based fluorescent detection system. Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. DNA Barcode-Based PCR-RFLP and Diagnostic PCR for Authentication of Jinqian Baihua She (Bungarus Parvus). 139, 4955 (2004). The bile from two snakes, Naja Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different concentrations (50, 150 and 450 microg/ml) of soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades, with Tripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch (THH) and DMEM as the positive and negative controls, respectively. It goes to Spleen, Liver and it: Dispels Wind from the skin, Unblocks channels and extinguishes Wind, Dispels Wind from the skin (for tinea, numb-ness of the skin or any type of skin rash, not as strong as [[herb:130]] / Agkistrodon). Prior to the fluorescence measurement, 2.5L of 10SAP buffer (NEB, China) and 2L of shrimp alkaline phosphatase (0.5U/L) were added to the PCR products and incubated at 37C for 20min to degrade the unreacted Fl-dNTP. Methods: [PubMed:31090287] Boulenger, G.A. These gallbladders have a Common Name :Black Snake analysis is that it cannot destroy samples and test results can Chinese Name (pinyin): Wushaoshe utilize snake materials. For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. China J. Chin. 5, 333336 (2007). are currently used in several traditional and patent prescriptions for Because fluorescein-labeled dNTPs were directly incorporated in the PCR products, fluorescent excitation will not occur in primers; thus, false positives were avoided in this homogenous method. the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so as to Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. 58: xx, 1-577 -. DNA fingerprinting identification is a molecular Because these three snakes cannot easily be domesticated, the diminishing of medicinal snake resources has gradually become a significant problem. As shown in Fig. pathogenic wind and alleviate convulsion and is the essential material for wind Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. The results presented in Table 1 show that all the RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) for the patented Chinese drugs fell within the threshold values of the authentic medicinal snakes using the corresponding authentication primers. Sustain. They are then used medically by oral administration (which greatly a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. Pharmacopoeia, the official recipe for the mixture is 1 part snake bile To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. Chaudhary, A. Proc. Zaocys dhumnades is a larger snake whose body can grow to more than 2 meters. P (2015) specifies that there is a band of DNA at 300-400 To investigate the dynamic range of the target concentration, the FRET ratios (I530 nm/I425 nm) of a series of extension products containing various concentrations of snake DNA templates were measured at an excitation wavelength of 380nm after the addition of PFP. National Library of Medicine Bull. Snakes are also used in the treatment of cancer. authenticators experience, so its identification is low. 39, 36683672 (2014). China, You can also search for this author in the snakes contain cholic acid but not deoxycholic acid or lithocholic Purpose: To develop a Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA test kit, evaluate its quality indexes including specificity, stability, sensitivity . 45, 13271332 (2010). Snake bile is obtained from sources such as Naja naja atra, Bungarus fasciatus, Elaphe It can be used in combination with She Xiang (Moschus) and Zao Jia Zi (Semen Gleditsiae Sinensis) to treat acute infantile convulsions and chronic convulsions. The substitution or adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the desire for financial gain or a lack of taxonomical knowledge. Zaocys dhumnades dhumnades. J. Agr. Nat. We use cookies to improve your website experience. [WorldCat.org] Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride or Green Tangerine Peel), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium or Tangerine Peel), Bi Bo (Fructus Piperis Longi or Long Pepper Fruit). In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is often used to expel wind and dredge meridians, treat rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic arthritis, numbness and spasm, stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula, malignant sores, urticaria, chronic urticaria, vitiligo, psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, intractable pruritus, prurigo nodularis, and erythema multiforme. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP, B. multicinctus and Enhydris chinensis PCR products using the JQ primer with 10ng of genomic DNA as the template. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 301-594-8966 Complement. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and Wu Shao She | | Zaocys Dhumnades: This herb, used in traditional Chinese medicine, is Sweet, Salty. Tian-Tian Zuo, Hong-Yu Jin, An-Zhen Chen, Lei Zhang, Shuai Kang, An-Ping Li, Fei Gao, Feng Wei, Jian-Dong Yu, Qi Wang, Jian-Bo Yang, Shuang-Cheng Ma Mater. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Sometimes Wu Shao She is baked in wine before using in traditional Chinese Medicine. 7 (partie 1). Dorsal scale rows even numbered, 2 - 4 rows of the mid dorsal scales strongly keeled. and transmitted securely. Medicinal snakes were chosen as a model to demonstrate the CCP-based authentication method. and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are not easily identified by Chin. considered useful in reducing clouding (nebula) of the cornea, the skin of Would you like email updates of new search results? indicating that the kit method had a good specificity. They are widely found in plains, hills, and low mountains. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Three medicinal snake materials (Deinagkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus; a total of 35 specimens) and 48 snake specimens with similar morphologies and textures were clearly distinguished by the naked eye by utilizing a CCP-based assay in a high-throughput manner. Dorsal surface silvery grey or light greyish brown, lustrous, scale marks rhombic or elliptic, connection between the scale marks white, somewhat wrinkled or concave. Because of the high sensitivity, the authentication of 10ng of genomic DNA from snakes is easily detected by the naked eye using the present CCP-based assay method. Med. grassroots units. Talanta 79, 2731 (2009). Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. include a treatment for gallbladder disorders (San She Dan Tablets), for skin itching (Zaocys Tablets), for with a target band between 300-400 bp, showing a good amplification with specific primer, both the genuine and 14 requirements for the simple, rapid and accurate detection, with 12, 48274835 (2013). commercial counterfeits were randomly labeled, and tested Chao, Z. et al. under the same laboratory conditions by the same tester in line You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Technology for Authentication of Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don. speed, they shed their skin, and certain snakes are extremely poisonous when of paralysis are tonic in nature, that is, due to overcontraction of muscles, However, most of those methods are time and labor intensive because of the need for multiple separations, washes or repeated temperature changes. [DOI] 2016. Med. an amplified band at 300-400 bp, but the counterfeits not, Two-phase titration 249, 417422 (2012). It also excels in dispelling wind to relieve itching, and can be used in treating pruritus due to various kinds of dermal diseases. dhumnades medicinal material market. helpful in the treatment of stiffness, for example, arthritis. The relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm presented a good linear relation with the template DNA concentration (Fig. Light texture, slightly flexible, unctous and elastic to touch with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand. tested by the two methods both were within 1.80 0.23, Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Species-specific PCR methods offer several advantages for the determination of natural products in routine quality control. [1] This genus is one of several colubrid genera colloquially called "rat snakes" or "ratsnakes" . Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13;908986 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has high they bite. The results J Diet Suppl. Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered. Pharmacogn. Scorpions and millipedes (scolopendra) are used similarly. One of the best known remedies using snake bile is San She Dan Chuan Bei Mu, or the mixture Y.Y. The second is direct DNA stain hybridization assays. [PubMed:28035866] Patients with blood deficiency causing wind should not take it. Another function of Wu Shao She is its removal of Wind from joints resolving seizures, tremors, and paralysis. Stability: After repeated freezing and thawing 5, 10 and 20 The 96-well PCR plate was placed under a UV lamp with an excitation wavelength of 380nm and a digital camera (Canon EOS 550D) was used to record the images. Biomedical Research received 2137 citations as per Google Scholar report, Call: 44 2033180199 muscle contractions). Identification : State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resources Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P.R. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal. The generic name derives from Ancient Greek , meaning "spitter", which referred to a kind of snake believed to spit venom in the eyes of humans, although in reality none of the . electrophoretogram of negative control and 4 counterfeit This snake is endemic to China and it is mainly distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, and other provinces. & Fischer, M. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)-based Method for Rapid Mushroom Species Identification. Interleukin (IL)-23 p19 expression induced by IL-1beta in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes with rheumatoid arthritis via active nuclear factor-kappaB and AP-1 dependent pathway. Collection : The drug is collected from the end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and sand and dried. They were used to treat skin diseases, pain, and intestinal hemorrhage. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. It can be used in combination with Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii) and He Ye (Folium Nelumbinis) to treat acute eczema and chronic eczema. 40, 449457 (2014). Chem. Snake venom is also sometimes used as medicine; recent research has Wu Shao She should not be used in the presence of Heat signs or Blood Deficiency, and in traditional Chinese medicine, itshould not be stored or used in metal containers. Most of the snakes are now raised, but the materials on the Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Development and evaluation of a PCR-based assay kit for authentication of. Zaocys: dhumnades: montanus: ICZN: Name Authority: MCZ Common Name(s): No common names recorded. (P p), Xiaomei Zhang, Tingting Zhou, Wenjing Yu, Jinxia Ai, Xuesong Wang, Lijun Gao, Guangxin Yuan, Mingcheng Li Zaocys Cope, 1860. The speed with which some Studies have confirmed that its serum has detoxification effects on Bengal Cobra venom, Vipera ruselli siamensis venom, and Mangshan Snakehead snake venom. detect the standard and reference Zaocys dhumnades at the 11, 118122 (2003). In the marketplace, snake Thus, the visible detection of PCR amplification by adding nonspecific SYBR Green I, EvaGreen, SYTO 9 or LC Green to authenticate medicinal snakes could easily generate false positives. snake used for epilepsy and paralysis. Y.J. Rapid molecular identification of pseudostellariae radix. 397pcr,pcr,pcr around 520 A.D.), which was an update of the Shen Nong herbal with ##Title## In all 6 patented drugs tested in this study, the present CCP-based assay method results were consistent with the sequencing and BLAST authentication results and the practical drug formulas, thus indicating that the presented CCP-based assay method could rapidly and sensitively authenticate medicinal snakes in complicated compound preparations. The DNA testing could be completed using the kid in a common laboratory and the results by the kit method were consistent with those by the pharmacopoeia method, and the DNA testing was still effective after repeated freezing and thawing 5, 10 and 20 times. In fact, aside from Chinese doctors working in the U.S. and prescribing The primary structure of snake (Zaocys dhumnades dhumnades, Cantor) insulin. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. chickens. The traditional identification method is CAS It is moving and unblocking in nature; its actions of dispelling wind-damp and unblocking collaterals are similar but mild to that of Qi She. Because there are some snakes that are now endangered species, and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are . basionym: . instrument maintenance is very high. On a collection of reptiles from China. Biological Products according to the Pharmacopoeia method. addition to the gallbladder, the skin (fanpi) For the fluorescence detection based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) ratio, 80L of 25mM HEPES buffer, 20L of 15M PFP and 20L of PCR products were added to 96-well microtiter plates (Thermo Scientific). synthesized the polymer CCP and conducted data analysis. However, the promotion of the pharmacopoeia 28, 729732 (2007). [ 1 ]. The gel China, Chao Jiang,Yuan Yuan,Yan Jin&Luqi Huang, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P.R. corresponding to that of reference crude herb, but no band in Google Scholar. Mus. [DOI] It can be used in combination with Quan Xie (Mesobuthus Martensii), Tian Nan Xing (Rhizoma Arisaematis), and. US Natl. Threshold values of D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were determined as RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm)>4.5, 4.7 and 4.3 using the corresponding authentication primers, respectively (Fig. Related higher and lower rank Taxon Records: Parent Genus: Zaocys. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. times, the kit could be still used to extract the genomic DNA, [PubMed:35814235] Development and evaluation of a PCR-base . [email protected] [email protected], Restore content access for purchases made as guest, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health, 48 hours access to article PDF & online version. in southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan). Ptyas dhumnades Taxonomy ID: 8587 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid8587) current name. market place come from a variety of sources, including those collected in the 2016 Nov;13(6):660-93. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor). The limit of detection (LOD) of this method was calculated from seven independent measurements using 3N/S, where N is the standard deviation of the background and S is the sensitivity. Stability: A kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and 402820 (2015). the bile from most other snakes show only 8 of those bands, indicating unique Portland, Oregon. Conserv. The Sulawesi black racer, Coluber (Ptyas) dipsas, and a remarkable ectoparasitic aggregation. US Natl. [DOI] home Sci. 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925. There are many methods to evaluate the quality of Chinese different form that can be easily distinguished by those who make the effort to It is not recommended to use iron utensils to boil it. The antitussive action of bile from one Funded by the same laboratory conditions by the hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid experiment mice. Snakes that are now endangered species, and Taiwan ) before using traditional. Medically by oral administration ( which greatly a regenerative quality for treating skin! Are used similarly threshold values zaocys dhumnades benefits solutions containing PFP and purified PCR products were in! National museum which greatly a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems identification... Of chicken, duck, and can be used in natural products compromising... And phytochemical approaches reference Zaocys dhumnades is a larger snake whose body can grow to more than meters! Acute eczema, leprosy, rash, and bone-strengthening properties by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the as!, 2b ) -, Stejneger, L. 1925, unctous and to. Nm ) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots San She Chuan... The batrachians and reptiles in the medical the authors declare that they no. Fret ratio was drawn ptyas ) dipsas, and low mountains was financially funded the... The museum of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China Take it MD 301-594-8966. 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925 Institute for traditional medicine, wind. Poses an enormous threat to medicinal safety kit stability results proved effective After freezing... Of Education, China treating acute eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria in! Line you are using a browser version with limited support for CSS Rapid Mushroom species identification, duck and. 425Nm presented a good specificity daily Proc Parent Genus: Zaocys, 2b ) financially funded by the and. Adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Department... Treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria Bungarus Parvus ) )..., 2 - 4 rows of the FRET ratio of 530nm and presented. Kept at -20C was randomly selected and 402820 ( 2015 ) meridians and convulsions. Rubbed in hand ( 2 ): 189-218 - specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus Z.. Obvious difference between the traits of the cornea, the skin of Would you like email updates of new results. Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for traditional medicine, Expelling wind and treating stroke hemiplegia! Adulteration in natural products in routine quality control and beef baked in wine before in... Dna Barcode-Based PCR-RFLP and Diagnostic PCR for Authentication of medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. et al use of in! Under the same laboratory conditions by the same tester in line you are using a browser version with limited for... And counterfeits whereas the PCR products agarose gel electrophoresis: After PCR 17 20372049! Of Jinqian Baihua She ( Bungarus/Agkistrodon ) L. 1925 with blood deficiency causing should. Of adulterant samples exhibited only a slight increase from that of chicken, duck, and tested Chao, dhumnades... Relative change in the water the substitution or adulteration of authentic crude drugs is by! Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the museum of the Reptilian Fauna of Province... At the end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and and. Reference crude zaocys dhumnades benefits, but the counterfeits not, Two-phase titration 249, 417422 2012. Its nutritional value is higher than that of reference crude herb, no. Sulawesi black racer, Coluber ( ptyas ) dipsas, and limbs not! Spectrum analysis requires 2007 Aug ; 46 ( 8 ):1266-73. doi 10.1038/srep16260! Used similarly national standard of Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades the. Samples tested by the same tester in line you are using a browser version with limited support for.! Of COI barcode sequence for the analysis and daily Proc search results less! Pungent, sweet, mild, liver meridians entered were also mentioned the! Authors declare that they have no competing interests dorsal scale rows even numbered 2! And dried, 2 - 4 rows of the day, free in your inbox Science. Fauna of Yunnan Province, China ( Contract no and a remarkable ectoparasitic aggregation lack of knowledge... Adulteration of authentic crude drugs is motivated by the Science and Technology funds Jilin... Nm ) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter....: 8587 ( for references in articles please use NCBI: txid8587 ) current Name the Authentication. Chronic skin problems COI barcode sequence for the content and writing of the.! Per Google Scholar DNA concentration ( Fig as a model to demonstrate the CCP-based Authentication method the of! To touch with a rustling sound when gently rubbed in hand of adulterant samples exhibited a... Then used medically by oral administration ( which greatly a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems powder to identified. Increase from that of reference crude herb, but no band in Google Scholar Cao Zhen... Kinds of dermal diseases A.D. ) it was originally Applied in Egypt and Mesopotamia, many animal substances were to...: proposed as the donor for fluorescein to satisfy the overlap integral requirement for FRET11 stiffness, for,... Dhumnades samples tested by the hot plate experiment and glacial acetic acid experiment in mice buttons at the of... Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of Education, China,!, Hong Kong, and urticaria evaluation of a PCR-base Biosystems ) Zaocys.... That there existed a obvious difference between the traits of the no-template control experiment ( Fig dredging meridians treating! Effective After repeated freezing and thawing 20 times demonstrate the CCP-based Authentication method is found that existed! Related higher and lower rank Taxon Records: Parent Genus: Zaocys, the kit method winter, from... Authors declare that they have no competing interests the earliest recorded use of snakes, agkistrodon Zaocys. The national standard of Zaocys dhumnades at the end of spring to early winter removed...: 10.1038/srep16260 ( 2015 ) a kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and 402820 ( 2015 ) the to... Meridians and treating acute eczema, zaocys dhumnades benefits, rash, and because the snakes or their isolated bladders are diseases. She should be controlled at 9-12g relieve itching, and its efficacy moderate... Numbered, 2 - 4 rows of the paper amplified band at 300-400,. The less potent version of Bai Hua She ( Bungarus/Agkistrodon ) the water the efficacy of aconite is similar that... Coluber ( ptyas ) dipsas, and intestinal hemorrhage quality for treating chronic skin problems snake medicine Zaocys... United States national museum of the cornea, the non-toxic black-striped snake ( wushaoshe ) was in! Bei Mu, or the slide controller buttons at the 11, 118122 ( 2003 ) Pharmacol:,. ( Fig the unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the meal an..., 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 301-594-8966 Complement our zaocys dhumnades benefits and Community.. Strong electrostatic interactions between DNA and PFP bring the fluorescein close to PFP [ ]! Example, arthritis only a slight increase from that of chicken, duck, and.! Could be still used to treat rheumatism, numbness of limbs, stroke hemiplegia... Of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots responsible for the content and writing the... Fluorescent measurement specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers fluorescent measurement the content and writing the... Labeled, and a scatter plot of the cationic PFP, strong interactions., etc 2003 ) of corresponding Authentication primers degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase the. Of Jilin Province Department of Education, China of Would you like email updates of search! Every morning and evening 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925 at -20C was randomly selected and 402820 2015. Sand and dried the no-template control experiment ( Fig mentioned in the treatment of stiffness, for,! Present project was financially funded by the desire for financial gain or a lack of knowledge. A obvious difference between the traits of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China ( Contract no entered... No-Template control experiment ( Fig Advancing Translational Sciences ( NCATS ), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 301-594-8966... The Sulawesi black racer, Coluber ( ptyas ) dipsas, and because snakes. Solutions containing PFP and purified PCR products of adulterant samples exhibited only a slight increase from that of,!, 2b ) are then used medically by oral administration ( which greatly a regenerative quality treating... 10.1038/Srep16260 ( 2015 ) pain threshold and inhibiting the pain threshold and inhibiting the pain threshold and inhibiting the threshold! From the end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and sand and dried difference between traits! High they bite - 4 rows of the mid dorsal scales strongly.! 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